Topic wise discussion – Paper I Anthropology
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- 1.1 Meaning, scope and development of Anthropology.
- 1.2.1 Relationships with other disciplines:- Social Sciences
- 1.2.2 Relationships with other disciplines:- Behavioural Sciences,
- 1.2.3 Relationships with other disciplines:- Life Sciences,
- 1.2.4 Relationships with other disciplines:- Medical Sciences,
- 1.2.5 Relationships with other disciplines:- Earth Sciences
- 1.2.6 Relationships with other disciplines:- Humanities.
- 1.2 Social Anthropology and Sociology
- 1.2 Social Anthropology and Psychology
- 1.2 Economic anthropology and economics
- 1.2 Political anthropology and political science
- 1.2 Anthropology and history
- 1.2 Anthropology and philosophy
- 1.2 Social Anthropology and Social work
- 1.2 Social Anthropology and Management
- 1.3.1 Branch of Anthropology, their scope and relevance: (a) Social- cultural Anthropology.
- 1.3.2 Branch of Anthropology, their scope and relevance: (b) Biological Anthropology.
- 1.3.3 Branch of Anthropology, their scope and relevance: (c) Archaeological Anthropology.
- 1.3.4 Branch of Anthropology, their scope and relevance: (d) Linguistic Anthropology.
- 1.4 Human Evolution and emergence of Man:
- 1.4 Biological and Cultural factors in human evolution.
- 1.4 Theories of Organic Evolution
- 1.4 Pre- Darwinian Lamarckism, Theory of continuity of germplasm, Neo-lamarckism ,
- 1.4 Darwinian
- 1.4 Post- Darwinian Mutation theory of evolution, Synthetic theory of evolution
- 1.4 Synthetic theory of evolution
- 1.7 The Cell
- 1.7 Cell Division
- 1.7 Gene,
- 1.4.C Gause’s rule
- 1.4.C Doll’s rule
- 1.4.C Cope’s rule
- 1.3 Main branches of Anthropology
- 1.6.a Australopithecines
- 1.8 Prehistoric Art
- 1.8 (a) Principles of Prehistoric Archaeology.
- 1.8.b Broad Outlines of Prehistoric cultures
- 1.8(b).i Paleolithic culture
- 1.8(b).(ii) Mesolithic
- 1.8(b). (iii) Neolithic
- 1.8(b). (iv) Chalcolithic
- 1.8(b). (v) Copper-Bronze Age
- 1.8(b). (vi) Iron Age
- 1.8 Chronology: Relative and Absolute Dating methods.
- 1.8 European mesolithic culture
- 2.1 The concept and characteristics of culture
- 2.1 The concept and characteristics of civilization;
- 2.1 Ethnocentrism vis-à-vis cultural Relativism
- 2.1 Acculturation: Assimilation
- 2.2 Social Institutions;
- 2.2 Social groups
- 2.2 Social stratification
- 2.3 Laws of marriage (endogamy, exogamy, hypergamy, hypogamy, incest taboo);
- 2.3 Types of marriage (monogamy, polygamy, polyandry, group marriage).
- 2.3 Functions of marriage;
- 2.3 Marriage regulations (preferential, prescriptive and proscriptive)
- 2.4 functions of family;
- 2.4 Types of family (from the perspectives of structure, blood relation, marriage, residence and succession);
- 2.5 Consanguinity and Affinity;
- 2.2.1 THE CONCEPT OF SOCIETY
- 2.2.2 Culture and Society
- 5.3 Sacred and profane
- 5.4 Myths and Rituals
- 1.5.7 Comparative Anatomy of Man and Apes
- 1.5.8 Skeletal changes due to erect posture and its implications
- 1.6. (c) Neanderthal Man- La-Chapelle-auxsaints (Classical type), Mt. Carmel (Progressive type).
- 7.1 Nature, origin and characteristics of language
- 7.3 Social Context Of Language Use
- 7.2 Verbal and non-verbal communication
- 1.4 parallelism and convergence,
- 1.4 adaptive radiation,
- 1.4 mosaic evolution
- 1.5 Characteristics of Primates;
- 1.5 Evolutionary Trend and Primate Taxonomy;
- 1.5 Primate Adaptations; (Arboreal and Terrestrial)
- 1.5 Primate Taxonomy;
- 1.5 Primate Behaviour;
- 1.5 Tertiary and Quaternary fossil primates;
- 1.5 Living Major Primates;
- 6.(a) Classical evolutionism (Tylor, Morgan and Frazer)
- 6.(b) Historicism
- 6.(b) Historical particularism (Boas);
- 6.(b) Diffusionism
- 6.(b) Diffusionism (British, German and American)
- 6.(c) Functionalism
- 6.(c) Functionalism (Malinowski);
- 6.(c) Structural- functionalism (Radcliffe- Brown)
- 6.(d) Structuralism
- 6.(d) Structuralism – L’evi – Strauss
- 6.(d) Structuralism- Edmund Leach
- 6.(e) Culture and personality
- 6.(e) Culture and personality – Benedict
- 6.(e) Culture and personality- Mead
- 6.(e) Culture and personality- Ralph Linton
- 6.(e) Culture and personality- Kardiner and
- 6.(e) Culture and personality- Cora – du Bois
- 6.(f) Neo-evolutionism
- 6.(f) Neo – evolutionism (Childe, White, Steward, Sahlins and Service)
- 6.(f) Neo- evolutionism- V Gordon Childe
- 6.(f) Neo- evolutionism- Leslie White
- 6.(f) Neo- evolutionism- Julian Steward
- 6.(f) Neo- evolutionism- Marshall David Sahlins
- 6.(f) Neo- evolutionism- Elman Service
- 6.(g) Cultural materialism (Harris)
- 6.(h) Symbolic and interpretive theories (Turner, Schneider and Geertz)
- 6.(i) Cognitive theories (Tyler, Conklin)
- 6.j Post- modernism in anthropology
- 4.1 Political organization and Social Control: Band, tribe, chiefdom, kingdom and state;
- 4.1 Chiefdom
- 4.2 Concepts of power, authority and legitimacy;
- 4.3 Social control, law and justice in simple societies
- 2.3 Definition of Marriage
- 2.3 Universality of Marriage;
- 2.3 Marriage payments (bride wealth and dowry).
- 2.4 Definition of family
- 2.4 Universality of family
- 2.4 Family, household and domestic groups;
- 2.4 Factors which affect family
- 2.4 Impact of urbanization on family.
- 2.4 Impact of industrialization on family.
- 2.4 Impact of feminist movements on family.
- 2.5 Kinship
- 2.5 Principles and types of descent (Unilineal, Double, Bilateral, Ambilineal);
- 2.5 Forms of descent groups (lineage, clan, phratry, moiety and kindred);
- 2.5 Kinship terminology (descriptive and classificatory);
- 2.5 Descent, Filiation and Complimentary Filiation;
- 2.5 Descent and Alliance.
- 2.5 Descent
- 2.5 Alliance
- 5.1. Anthropological approaches to the study of religion (evolutionary, psychological and functional);
- 5.2 monotheism and polytheism;
- 5 Religion
- 5 Magic
- 5.5 Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies-animism,
- 5.5 Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies- animatism,
- 5.5 Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies-fetishism,
- 5.5 Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies-naturism
- 5.5 Forms of religion in tribal and peasant societies- totemism;
- 5.6 Religion, magic and science distinguished;
- 5.7 magico- religious functionaries- priest,
- 5.7 magico- religious functionaries- shaman,
- 5.7 magico- religious functionaries- medicine man,
- 5.7 magico- religious functionaries- sorcerer
- 5.7 magico- religious functionaries- witch
- 8.(a) Fieldwork tradition in anthropology
- 8.(b) Distinction between technique,method and methodology
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: observation,
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: interview,
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: schedules
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: questionnaire,
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: Case study,
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: genealogy
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: life-history
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: oral history
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: secondary sources of information
- 8.(c) Tools of data collection: participatory methods
- 8.(d) Analysis, interpretation and presentation of data
- 3.1 Meaning, scope and relevance of economic anthropology;
- 3.2 Formalist and Substantivist debate;
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – hunting and gathering,
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – fishing,
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – swiddening,
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – pastoralism,
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – horticulture,
- 3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – agriculture;
- 3. Principles of exchange and Tribal Market
- 3.4 Globalization and indigenous economic systems.
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- pedigree analysis,
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- twin study,
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- foster child,
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- co-twin method,
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- cytogenetic method,
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- chromosomal
- 9.1.1 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- karyo-type analysis
- 9.1.2 biochemical methods,
- 9.1.3 immunological methods,
- 9.1.4 D.N.A. technology and recombinant technologies.
- 9.2 Mendelian genetics in man-family study, single factor, multifactor, lethal, sub-lethal and polygenic inheritance in man.
- 9.3 Concept of genetic polymorphism and selection,
- 9.3 Mendelian population,
- 9.3 Hardy- Weinberg law;
- 9.3 causes and changes which bring down frequency – mutation, isolation, migration, selection, inbreeding and genetic drift.
- 9.3 Consanguineous and non-consanguineous mating, genetic load, genetic effect of consanguineous and cousin marriages.
- 9.4 Chromosomes and chromosomal aberrations in man, methodology-
- 9.4.(a) Numerical and structural aberrations (disorders).
- 9.4.(b) Sex chromosomal aberrations – Klinefelter (XXY), Turner (XO), Super female (XXX), intersex and other syndromic disorders.
- 9.4.(c) Autosomal aberrations – Down syndrome, Patau, Edward and Cri-duchat syndromes.
- 9.4.(d) Genetic imprints in human disease-1
- 9.4.(d) Genetic imprints in human disease-2
- 9.4.(d) Genetic screening,
- 9.4.(d) Genetic counseling,
- 9.4.(d) human DNA profiling, gene mapping and genome study.
- 9.5 Race and Racism
- 9.5 Biological basis of morphological variation of non-metric and metric characters.
- 9.5 Racial criteria, racial traits in relation to heredity and environment;
- 9.5 biological basis of racial classification, racial differentiation and race crossing in man.
- 9.5 Racial classification
- 9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- ABO, Rh blood groups, HLA Hp, transferring, Gm, blood enzymes.
- 9.6 Physiological characteristics- Hb level, body fat, pulse rate, respiratory functions and sensory perceptions in different cultural and socio-economic groups.
- 9.7 Concepts and methods of Ecological Anthropology.
- 9.7 Bio-cultural Adaptations – Genetic and Non- genetic factors.
- 9.7 Man’s physiological responses to environmental stresses: hot desert,
- 9.7 Man’s physiological responses to environmental stresses: cold climate
- 9.7 Man’s physiological responses to environmental stresses: high altitude climate.
- 9.8 Epidemiological Anthropology: Health and disease.
- 9.8 Infectious and non-infectious diseases.
- 9.8 Infectious diseases-2
- 9.8 Non-infectious diseases.
- 9.8 List of Infectious diseases.
- 9.8 Nutritional deficiency related diseases.
- 10. Concept of human growth and development:
- 10 Principles of Human growth and development
- 10. stages of growth – pre-natal, natal, infant, childhood, adolescence, maturity, senescence.
- 10.Factors affecting growth and development- genetic, environmental, biochemical, nutritional, cultural and socio-economic.
- 10.Theories and observations – Ageing and senescence.
- 10. Biological and chronological longevity.
- 10. Human physique and somatotypes.
- 10. Methodologies for growth studies.
- 11.1 Relevance of menarche, menopause and other bioevents to fertility.
- 11.1 Fertility patterns and differentials.
- 11.2 Demographic theories- biological, social and cultural.
- 11.3 Biological and socio-ecological factors influencing fecundity, fertility, natality and mortality.
- 12. Applied anthropology
- 12. Medical anthropology
- 12. Anthropology of sports,
- 12. Nutritional anthropology,
- 12. Anthropology in designing of defence and other equipments,
- 12. Anthropology in designing of defence and other equipments-2
- 12. Forensic Anthropology,
- 12. Methods and principles of personal identification and reconstruction
- 12. Applied human genetics – Paternity diagnosis
- 12. Genetic counselling
- 12. Eugenics
- 12. Applied human genetics – genetic counselling and eugenics
- 12. Applied human genetics –DNA technology in diseases and medicine
- 12. Applied human genetics – serogenetics and cytogenetics in reproductive biology
- 12. Applications of Anthropology
- 1.7 DNA structure
- 1.7 DNA replication
- 1.7 Protein Synthesis,
- 1.7 Mutation,
- 1.7 Chromosomes,
- 9 Gene therapy
- 9 Mutation
- 9 Mendelism
- 1.5 Primate Taxonomy
- 1.5 Primate Taxonomy
- 1.4 Micro-evolution and Macro-evolution.
- 1.6 Hominid- comparative measures
- 226. 1.6.(d) Phylogenetic status, characteristics and geographical distribution of- Rhodesian man.
- 2. Culture
- 9.3 Genetic load
- 1.6 Phylogenetic status, characteristics and geographical distribution of Homo erectus: Africa (Paranthropus), Europe (Homo erectus heidelbergensis), Asia (Homo erectus javanicus, Homo erectus pekinensis)
- 1.6 Phylogenetic status, characteristics and geographical distribution of- (e) Homo sapiens Cromagnon, Grimaldi Chancelede.
- I.4 Approaches to study politics
256. 10. Stages of growth – pre-natal, natal, infant, childhood, adolescence, maturity, senescence
257. I. Etic vs Emic view
258. I.3 Principles of exchange and Tribal Market
259. I.3.4 Globalization and indigenous economic systems.
260. I.10.5 biological and chronological longevity.
264. I.2.3 Characteristics of marriage
266. I.2.3 Different ways of acquiring mate in primitive societies
268. I.9.1.2 Methods for study of genetic principles in man-family study- Co-twin study,
269. I.9.1 Exception to Mendel’s laws of inheritance
270. I.9.4 Gene mapping and genome study
271. I.1.5 Living Major Primates
272. I.1.5 Tertiary fossil primates
273. I.1.5 Quaternary fossil primates
274. I.12 Nutritional anthropology
275. I.12 DNA technology in disease & medicine.
278. I.9. Ethical, Legal and Social (ELS) Issues in Genetics
279. I. Holism Vs Atomism in Anthropology
280. I.9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- Rh blood groups
281. I.9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- HLA
282. I.9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- Gm
283. I.9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- blood enzymes
284. I.2.3 Marriage- universality
285. I.2.4 Family- universality
286 I.9.4.d Human DNA profiling
288. I.2.3.3 Types of marriage (monogamy, polygamy, polyandry, group marriage)- 2
291. I.2.4 Nature of changes in family
292. I.2.4 Kibbutz (Israeli commune)
293. I.1.3.2 Branch of Anthropology, their scope and relevance: (b) Biological Anthropology- 2
295. I.9.6 Age, sex and population variation as genetic marker- Transferrin System
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