The Chalcolithic (Greek khalkos + lithos ‘copper stone’) period or Copper Age period is a phase in the development of human culture in which the use of early metal tools appeared alongside the use of stone tools. The period is a transitional one outside of the traditional three-age system, and occurs between the Neolithic and […]
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I.1.8.(b) Cultural Evolution- Broad Outlines of Iron Age cultures:
The Iron Age was the stage in the development of people and culture in which tools and weapons with prominent ingredient of iron. The adoption of this material often coincided with changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles. The Iron Age is the last principal period in the three-age system […]
Read MoreI.1.8.(b) Cultural Evolution- Broad Outlines of Neolithic cultures:
The concept of ” Neolithic revolution” was propounded by Gordon. Childe in his book , New light on most ancient . Though it’s called revolution it doesn’t imply a single catastrophic change but his change was actually a gradual progress that began centuries earlier . So , it’s generally treated as a ‘transformation ‘ or […]
Read MoreI.3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – fishing,
The economic organization of fishing societies show many patterns of similarities and differences. The features are as follows: Geographical distribution: North America: Copper Eskimo of Alaska Haida of British Columbia Attawapiskat Red Indian in Canada South America Yahgan Red Indians in Chile. Asia: Shui-jen in South China. Oceania: Manus in New Guinea. Ellice islanders in […]
Read MoreI.3.3 Principles governing production, distribution and exchange (reciprocity, redistribution and market), in communities, subsisting on – swiddening,
Shifting cultivation is an age old socio-economic practice among many tribal communities inhabiting the world. It is a distinct type of agricultural practice generally practiced on the hill slopes. Since the days of early civilisation several groups of tribal communities in India are practicing this method of cultivation as their primary source of subsistence. The […]
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